Shale

Pressure and folding has transformed shale into slate, altering the original character of the deposits in various regions worldwide. 59:1.16

Shale alternates with coal, stone, and conglomerate in coal-bearing strata, which vary in thickness from forty to fifty feet in central and eastern United States, but can reach 18,000 feet in some parts of North America and Europe. 59:5.15

Shale depositions in early Carboniferous age show similarities between Europe and North America, indicating an arid climate with erosion from violent cloudbursts. 59:1.12 59:5.10 60:1.1 60:3.9

Shale and slate of dark colors in transition rock deposits testify to the existence of plant life ancestors during the Carboniferous age, with some containing organic carbon. 58:7.10

Limestone changed into shale over 300 million years ago during a period of land submergence. 59:3.1